On 5 Feb 1922, people set fire to the police station in Chauri Chaura, in which 22 to 23 police personnel died.
As a result of which Gandhiji closed the non-cooperation movement. Because of Gandhiji closing the non-cooperation movement the Congress divides into two groups.
There was a group that wanted to participate in the election process given in the Montague-Chelmsford Reform.
The other group wanted that we will continue to do the same work as we were doing earlier. Chittaranjan Das was the president of the Congress session which was held in December 1922.
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This session was held in Gaya and they had brought a proposal that we should contest the elections, but Congress rejected this proposal.
As soon as this proposal is rejected, Chittaranjan Das, along with Motilal Nehru and Hakim Ajmal Khan, announces the Swaraj Party. At that time the name of Swaraj Party was named Congress Khilafat Swaraj Party.
On 1 March 1923, the Swaraj Party is officially established and the swaraj party is formed by Chittaranjan Das. Its first conference is held in Allahabad in November 1923 under the chairmanship of Abul Kalam Azad.
Here it is said that Congress will officially support the Swaraj Party.
Aims/Objectives of Swaraj Party/Swaraj Dal:
1.The rules were made in India by the people of India only.
2.We will come elected in the Legislative Council and if that bill has to be passed, we will not cooperate with it.
3.Will oppose the government's policies.
Successes of Swaraj Party:
1.In the elections held at the center, they win 42 out of 105 seats.
2.In the elections held in the state, the swaraj party gained the absolute majority in Bengal and Central Provinces.
3.When he got elected in Parliament, he started rejecting the budget. But at that time the Viceroy had the right that he could pass the bill, so the bill was passed every time.
4.A Mundiman committee was formed for the 5-year review of the 1919 session.
5.Due to the demand of the Swaraj Party, the proposals of the Lee Commission could not be implemented in the jobs.
Those who were not ready for the elections earlier, now they are ready to contest the elections.
Rajendra Prasad becomes the Mayor of Patna in the elections of the Municipality or Local Bodies of 1923 -1924. Vitthalbhai Patel, who is the brother of Sardar Patel, becomes the mayor of Ahmedabad and Chittaranjan Das becomes the mayor of Kolkata.
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In 1925, Vithalbhai Patel was elected the Speaker of the Central Assembly. To Indianize the army, a screen committee was formed, in which Motilal Nehru was made the president.
Reasons for the End of the Swaraj Party:
The main reason for the Swaraj Party lasted only for a few days was that when this party came elected in the center, its purpose should have been to non-cooperation with the Britishers, but slowly they started cooperating with the Britishers.
The death of Chittaranjan Das in 1925 also affects the party. Madan Mohan Malviya and Lala Lajpat Rai had put two groups in the Congress.
Swaraj Party got very few seats in the 1926 elections. After all, in 1930, when Gandhiji started the Civil Disobedience Movement, all those who were elected to the Legislative Assembly, all resigned and the Swaraj Party came to an end.
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