In this article, we discuss the Third Anglo Mysore war and its reasons and causes for various competitive exams such as UPSC, SSC, etc...
The Third Anglo Mysore War began in 1790 and ended in 1793. The Second Anglo Mysore War ended in 1784 with the Treaty of Mangalore.
To the south of Mysore was the Kingdom of Cochin and beneath it was Travancore. Mysore had already defeated Cochin.
Mysore now wanted to attack Travancore. Therefore, Raja Dharma Raja of Travancore decided to build a wall between Travancore and Cochin.
These protective walls or fortifications were called Nedumkotta or Travancore Lines. At the time of fortification, two forts were falling on the way and they were Jalkotal and Cannanore Fort.
These forts belonged to the Dutch East India Company and Darma Raja bought these forts so that the work of fortifications would become easier.
In the army of Travancore, many commanders of the Dutch East India Company used to work on higher posts.
In this way, the work of Nedumkotta fortification was almost over. But because of the forts, the protective wall had crossed Cochin at some places.
Tipu Sultan did not like this thing and in April 1790, Tipu Sultan attacked Tranwankare's army. But Travancore's alliance was with the British East India Company, so the British East India Company counter-attacked Mysore.
In this way, the Third Anglo-Mysore War started between the British East India Company and Mysore.
In 1790, the British East India Company under the leadership of General Meadows attacked Mysore.
In 1791, Lord Cornwallis, the governor of the British East India Company, took command of the 3rd Anglo-Missore War. First Lord Cornwallis took Maratha and Hyderabad on his side.
At that time the capital of Mysore was Seringampatam and Cornwallis made a plan to capture Bangalore first. The British East India Company captured Bangalore via Ambur and Vellore.
The British East India Company was now thinking of attacking Seringapatam but Tipu Sultan surrounded the British fort in Coimbatore. Therefore the first Seringapatam attack of the British East India Company has failed.
The British East India Company again attacked Seringapatam with the help of Marathas and Hyderabad. Tipu Sultan was defeated in this attack.
After this, the Treaty of Seringapatam was signed between Tipu and the British East India Company.
According to this treaty, the British East India Company, the Marathas, and Hyderabad distributed the vast territory of Mysore among themselves.
The British East India Company retained some of the places of Barambal, Dindigul, and Malabar. The Maratha's kept the area around Tungabhadra and its tributaries. The Nizam of Hyderabad kept the areas of Krishna and Pennar.
In this way, half of Mysore had passed out of Tipu Sultan's hands. The British East India Company asked for 3 crores as war damages, but Tipu Sultan did not have that much money.
That's why he gave 1.5 crores now and the remaining 1.5 crores he was going to give in installments. Due to this, the British East India Company took two children of Tipu Sultan as a guarantee.
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