In this article, we discuss what is 5g and how it works.
In 1982, The
system came is 1G only person could make voice calls, then in the time of 1991-92,
2G had come, in this a person could make voice calls as well as send messages
around the whole world. In year 2000 3G was interviewed, this meant that people
could make calls, send messages as well as transfer multimedia such as images
and videos.
Around 2010,
4G was brought all over the world, what was in 4G, along with 4G, people all
over the world started talking to you through video calls, there was a camera
in the mobile. You used to have fun doing video calls and now in 2021 some
countries around the world have started using 5G technology.
What will
happen with the arrival of 5G, now you can drive your car from your mobile
phone while sitting at home, you can also turn on or off the lights of your
1000 km away house with the command of your mobile phone, isn't it tremendous
technology? But how does this 5G work?
On what
basis it is being said that 5G will change the world. Let us tell you all this,
to understand all this, first of all you have to understand how mobile network
works, when we call someone or when we transfer any data, how does this data
transfer happen?
You must
have seen mobile towers on the roofs of any houses, you must have known that
what is the function of mobile tower, the job of this mobile tower is to send
or receive the signal from your mobile phone, once the signal has come from the
mobile to the tower. Then after that, big vires going down to this mobile
tower, do the work of transferring the data coming from this mobile phone.
See what
happens inside these towers, they get connected in big optical fiber, there all
the things like mobile sim card, aadhar card, etc. of the people of that area,
consider you are in Lucknow and you are calling a person from Bhopal. As soon
as you call your Bhopal person, the signal from your mobile will go to the
nearest tower.
From there
the signal will go to the regional center of Lucknow via the optical fiber
installed in the tower, now this signal will be transferred to the mobile switching
center of Bhopal and then from the mobile switch center of Bhopal this signal
will go to the nearest tower of the person from Bhopal and from there the
signal will go to the mobile of this Bhopal person and the person will start
receiving calls.
Similarly,
our data is also transferred by passing through many junction points, but in
this article we have to know how 5G works, on what basis people are saying that
this 5G will get hundred times faster than 4G, its latency means the time taken
to receive or transfer the data will be only 1 to 10 milliseconds.
Let's tell
you all this, see, to update the network to 5G, 5 major changes have been made by
the scientist in the network. There is a high frequency radio wave of 30 Ghz to
300 Ghz, which will be used for the first time in the world, if you do not
know, then I will tell you that the faster the frequency, the more the capacity
to transfer data but its range would be too low.
That means
it does not spread very far, that is why the second updation is being done to
strengthen 5G, that is, a small cell tower will be installed every two hundred
and fifty meters, which will increase the range of this millimeter-wave.
But at the
same time when the network becomes so good then it is obvious that the users is
also increased in this particular area, Therefore, to reduce the congestion of
the network, Massive Mimo Antennas with more than 100 Multiple Input Multiple
Output will be installed in that particular area.
The third
major change in 5G would be that in 4G the number of these massive mimos was
only 10 to 12. But in 5G, now 100 antennas can be installed in 1 tower. At the same time, the user who use the
data more, for that particular user 5g network will use beamforming technology
to provide better experience. This means that to transmit the signal to the
user, the signal will be provided exactly like beam. This is the fourth major
change in the 5G upgrade.
The fifth major change in the 5G network is full duplex. In the network we were using so far, the receivers on the tower could only do one thing at a time. Either they used to send data or they could receive data. At present the signal of 5G network has been converted into two lanes. Meaning now any network tower can also transmit and receive the signal at the same time.
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